His wife sends him word of a revelatory dream she has had about Jesus and urges him to “have nothing to do with that innocent man” ( Matthew 27:19), and Pilate abdicates his responsibility to the emperor.
Would the mob be just as happy if he released Barabbas instead of Jesus on the feast day ( Mark 15:6 ff.)? Pilate weakly capitulates.
The New Testament suggests that Pilate had a weak, vacillating personality. Josephus states his inferential judgment that Pilate “was deeply affected with their firm resolution,” suggesting his own strength of character. When Jewish representatives demonstrated in Caesarea, Pilate’s city of residence, he threatened them with death unless they desisted, but, when they showed their readiness to die, he ordered the images removed. Josephus tells us that “in order to abolish Jewish laws,” and with the intent of diminishing privileges Jews had hitherto enjoyed, Pilate ordered his troops to encamp in Jerusalem and sent them into the city with images of the emperor attached to their ensigns. He provoked both Jews and Samaritans to riot. They seem to picture a headstrong strict authoritarian Roman leader who, although both rational and practical, never knew how far he should go in a given case. Josephus’s references appear to be consistent. Judgments of the man himself must be made inferentially, almost entirely on the basis of later Jewish and Christian writings, chiefly those of Josephus and the New Testament. Pilate in the New TestamentĮxpiatory Temple of the Holy Family: sculpture of Pontius Pilate According to Eusebius of Caesarea’s Ecclesiastical History, Pilate killed himself on orders from the emperor Caligula.
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He was then ordered back to Rome to stand trial for cruelty and oppression, particularly on the charge that he had executed men without proper trial. The Samaritans reported Pilate to Vitellius, legate of Syria, after he attacked them on Mount Gerizim (36 ce). After Sejanus’s fall (31 ce), Pilate was exposed to sharper criticism from certain Jews, who may have capitalized on his vulnerability to obtain a legal death sentence on Jesus (John 19:12). Protected by Sejanus, Pilate incurred the enmity of Jews in Roman-occupied Palestine by insulting their religious sensibilities, as when he hung worship images of the emperor throughout Jerusalem and had coins bearing pagan religious symbols minted. In what year did the Roman Empire come to an end? How many hills was Rome built on? From Julius Caesar to the city-state’s legendary founders, test your knowledge of ancient Rome in this quiz.
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